Showing posts with label Word Study. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Word Study. Show all posts

Thursday, August 15, 2013

Incorporating Word Study During Your Literacy Block


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I have been working around the clock to finish my first installment of the Word Study Binder Buddy! I came up with the term binder buddy last spring when I was thinking about the different ways to support my students while developing independence. Last spring the Binder Buddies that I created were designed for literacy and math and supported my students with basic terms and concepts. This made for a great reference when necessary and students could refer to it when they needed to. Not only did my students benefit from using them, but they are also the top selling items in my TPT store!


As I prepared for teaching 2nd grade this year, I thought a great deal about how I would teach language skills and phonics. When I taught in the lower grades previously I always used word study. I also used word study as a core component in the tutoring program I developed a few years back. Thinking about my binder buddy concept I decided to develop the Word Study Binder Buddy. My reasoning behind this is because I am not a big fan of worksheets and "chalk and talk". Instead I prefer to build engagement with hands-on/minds-on activities that require students to practice important skills both independently and with guided support when necessary. When I thought about the binder buddy as a resource, I knew I wanted it to be a tool that students could use in school and/or at home. Primarily, I want my students to develop a nightly routine for practicing their word study skills to help improve their reading and writing. The Word Study Binder Buddy comes with materials for a teacher resource binder and a student resource binder. I added everything I thought I would need to start with beginning word study within the first few weeks of school. Right now I only have the Letter Name stage complete. I am hoping to finish the Within Word stage in the next two weeks. I know that I will have students in both stages of development so having both binders completed will provide me with the tools to differentiate instruction.

If you are interested, here is what my word study instruction will look like. 

To  begin, word study is a multi-sensory approach to teaching phonics. By focusing on word patterns, students are taught how to make connections and apply spelling rules instead of memorizing how to spell words in isolation. Word study teaches students how to think about words and how they are read, spelled and written. It encompasses phonics, vocabulary and spelling. Different from the traditional way of teaching spelling, word study provides many opportunities for students to manipulate spelling patterns by sorting words, building new words and identifying sounds based on what they see and/or hear. Word study is great for differentiating instruction, students can work on different levels and patterns as needed. Finally, word study helps to build fluency and automaticity in students' reading and writing. Students enjoy word study activities. 


Introducing the sort (word walk): Begin by holding up each word card and ask the students to identify the word that they see. Ask the student to tell you what the words mean. This also helps to build vocabulary and informally assess their prior knowledge. Encourage students to give you alternative words for each word they discuss during this activity. Throughout this process, students’ vocabulary will continue to grow.
Next, model the sort for the student/group by placing flat a key word for each of the highlighted word patterns/categories.  Take a card from the pile and say it out loud with an emphasis on the word pattern. Model for the students how you will match the sound in this word card to one of the key words. Think out loud for your students and demonstrate how you match the words correctly. As you sort the word cards, be sure to say the entire list after adding a word. For example, when placing the word had under sad, you would reread and point to each word as you read the list by saying sad, had…when you add pad you would point and read: sad, had, pad. This reinforces the pattern for the students and prepares them for self-correcting when necessary.
Before sending students back to their seats, have them complete a practice sort. Correct students as necessary by rereading each key word when an error is made. Emphasize the ending sound and guide students to self-correct. It is a best practice to prompt students to self-check even if a mistake isn’t made to get students in the habit of consistently checking their work. 

Open Sort
An open sort is a sort that requires students to read the word and add it to the appropriate list. They are using visual discrimination when sorting. Students are encouraged to say each word out loud when matching so that they get used to identifying the patterns based on sound.
Blind Sort
This sort does not allow the students to rely on visual cues. Instead they are listening for the word patterns and sorting them based on sound. This sort is done once students show confidence with open sorts. This can be done with the teacher/coach or buddy. If done with a buddy, there should be some sort of self-check guide answer key available.
Writing Sort
Similar to a spelling test, writing sorts are done by writing words under the correct heading/key word. This is done on paper, the cards aren’t sorted for this unless you feel the student needs the additional support (it can be done with the cards to differentiate when necessary). This can be done independently, in a small group or with a buddy. When this is done without the teacher, students should have an answer sheet available to encourage self-checking once the sort is done. *As the student writes, remind them to say the each sound out loud.
Speed Sort
Students love speed sorts; they see this as sort of a contest or game. This type of sort is done once your child displays fluency with sorting words appropriately. By completing a speed sort, students practice automaticity. You can set a timer, or have students race each other. Even when conducting a speed sort, students should read each word before sorting and reread the list after sorting. When conducting the sort with the student, use a signal to indicate a mistake. When a mistake is made, direct your child to remove the card from the list, read the word aloud, read each keyword aloud and then attempt to match the word appropriately. This is to prevent them from guessing. It also encourages them to try to get the word right on the first try.
Word Hunt
When conducting a word hunt, have the students look through current books they are reading to find additional words  that use the features they have been studying.


Here is what my Word Study Binder Buddy (Letter Name Stage) includes: 
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Teacher Resource Binder 
Assessment tools
Master list of all of the word patterns to be sorted in the Letter Name stage
Sounds Boards (short vowel sounds) 
Master copy of student recording forms
Teacher's instructional sorting cards


The teacher's sorting cards can be printed on different colored paper. I got this pocket chart from Target for only a dollar! I will use the smaller charts for students to sort when working independently and my larger pocket charts when working in a small group. 



Student Resource Binder
Parent information and directions on how to conduct sorts at home
Weekly recording log and parent communication log
Student sorting cards for every sort pattern in the letter name stage
Recording forms for sorting
Student data form for recording progress
Dividers for each section of their binder



To support word study instruction, I also made a variety of games that can be played during reading workshop/ center time that reinforce the spelling concepts that students are working on. I will be doing Daily 5 this year and these are some of the games that will be available when students are working with words. The bundled set can be purchased here.

My Flip Book resource is perfect for reinforcing new spelling  concepts immediately after they have been taught.  This resource has all of the short vowel sounds and can be differentiated when necessary. Students can work on this activity independently or in a small group. 
  View Here. Click HERE to purchase the BUNDLED SET
Students can color each picture and add the initial sound.


Once the book is completed, they can flip through to read the different words with a partner.



When necessary, teachers can differentiate by providing students with the word to help support students who need it. 


This file folder game is great for reinforcing spelling sorts after they have been introduced, or to provide additional independent practice. 
  View Here. Click HERE to purchase the BUNDLED SET

There are eight different file folder games in this bundled set that reinforces all of the short vowel sounds.
Clipping Sounds is great for discriminating sound. Students complete the sort based on the sound they hear and place their picture cards over the correct short vowel. 


  View Here. Click HERE to purchase the BUNDLED SET

Students can self-check once they are done by matching the word cards and the picture cards. 


 Writing Words is great for students to practice both initial consonant/ blend sounds and short vowel sounds. 

View Here. Click HERE to purchase the BUNDLED SET

 This two-step game provides students the opportunity to write the words they have created in a writing sort. I use a re-usable dry erase pocket for games like this to save on resources. 

 There are three different Writing Words games in this bundled set. 


 Students will love making ice cream sundaes while they practice spelling words! Students use the ice cream scoops to spell the picture on their bowl. 

 They can self-check by matching the banana to their bowl of ice cream! 


View Here. Click HERE to purchase the BUNDLED SET



You can purchase the Word Study Binder Buddy alone or as a bundled set! The bundled set will include all of the games posted above! All of my games are easy to create (simple to print, cut and paste). I understand that even after you purchase this set, you still have to print it out and spend time assembling which is why I offer them at a lower price. 

Enjoy : ) 

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Wednesday, August 29, 2012

Using Word Study to Teach Developmental Reading Skills: Components of Word Study (Part 2 of 4)


Understanding Three Components of Word Study

There are three layers of English orthography: alphabet, pattern and meaning. As students move through the stages of spelling development, they usually move from using but confusing elements of sound. Word study helps learners move through stages of development, helping them to master each spelling feature as their understanding becomes more concrete.



Alphabet:
Our spelling system is aphabetuc because it represents the relationship between letters and sounds. This relationship moves in a left to right sequence. In the alphabetic stage, each sound is represented by a single letter and are blended to create a word (i.e. bat  is represented by /b/ /a/ /t/).  It is in this layer where students learn not only consonant sounds; they are also introduced to short vowel sounds and diagraphs. This is where phonemic awareness is strengthened; students learn how to segment sound in simple words using the initial middle and ending sound.

Pattern: 
As orthographic knowledge develops we teach students how to extend their word knowledge by presenting then with word patterns. This guides their grouping and provides them with some form of consistency. This is especially important when introducing vowel sounds and spelling patterns (CVCe, VCCV, etc)

Meaning: 
This component of word study focuses on vocabulary development as well as spelling. As students move on to more sophisticated words, they learn about how groups of letters can represent meaning directly (i.e. prefixes, suffixes, greek/latin roots). Word study in this sense starts to look different, it is more advanced and can go on up through the middle grades ( 6th grade and up).

Understanding the components of word study makes it easier to differentiate instruction throughout the developmental stages of spelling:
Stage 1: Emergent
Stage 2: Letter Name
Stage 3: Within Word Pattern
Stage 4: Syllables and affixes
Stage 5: Derivational Relations

In order to teach word study, it is important to understand what each stage of development looks. It is also important to understand what instruction in this stage looks like. My next scheduled post, Part 3: Using Word Study to Teach Developmental Reading Skills: Stages of Spelling/ Reading, will focus on explaining the the five developmental stages of spelling. In addition, I will highlight resources that you can use to identify what stage of spelling each of your students are in using informal spelling inventories. This post is scheduled to go live on Sunday September 2, 2012. Check back to read all about it.


Read Part 1: Using Word Study to Teach Developmental Reading Skills: Introduction to Word Study







 

Resources:
Bear, D., Invernizzi, M., Templeton, S., & Johnston, F. (2004). Words Their Way. (third ed.). Upper Sadle River: Pearson.

Saturday, August 25, 2012

Using Word Study to Teach Developmental Reading Skills: Introduction to Word Study (Part 1 of 4)

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I remember when I was in elementary school I had a spelling pretest on Monday- followed by rote spelling assignments throughout the week. This traditional way of teaching spelling taught us how to memorize spelling words, but I am not sure if it strengthened our reading abilities as developing readers.    Because this type of traditional spelling instruction can be based on memorization, some students may miss core concepts for reading and spelling. For a struggling reader, this may hinder them academically.  So my question is, how do you teach spelling? Reading? It is my understanding that both spelling and reading can be taught hand in hand; strong instruction in one area can strengthen students in the other area. I believe that spelling can be a window into a reader's mind. When I work with students to teach them how to read, I use the word study strategy. Word study, as a teaching strategy, is a routine used for teaching phonemic awareness and developmental reading and spelling strategies. It is an alternative way to teach phonics and is based on the teaching of word patterns. Specifically, word study is a hands-on approach designed to build word knowledge that can be applied to reading and spelling.

Over my next series of posts I will be sharing basic principles of word study that can be applied during your personal instruction (whole group, small group, or one-on-one). All of the materials for word study can be teacher-made, or, you can invest in resources that I have already created. When I first started to explore with study, it was with the book Words Their Way by Donald R. Bear. This became my instructional "bible" when teaching reading! I used it for everything. I paired it with Word Journeys written by Kathy Ganske and used these two texts to support a tutoring program I developed. After using this as a tutoring program for a fews years I decided to share this resource with other teachers. Foundations for Reading: A Word Study Approach Used to Teach Phonics, Vocabualry and Spelling is ideal for beginning and developing readers. It is great for teaching foundational skills. This is resource is also great when working with students who need individualized instruction and/or who need support with mastering basic concepts. This is not a program for reading, but instead a kit full of resources that can be used when implementing word study instruction. Again, a lot of the things I made can be easily constructed on your own if you use the two texts mentioned above along with other resources. If you prefer to purchase this kit, you can visit my Teachers Pay Teachers store for more information.



In closing, I would like to leave with you two important concepts:

  • Word study provides students with hands-on opportunites to manipulte word features in a way that allows them to generalize beyond isolated individual examples to entire groups of words that are spelled the same way (Bear, Invernizzi, Templeton & Johnston, 2004). 
  • Through exploration, students are challenged to examine words. While doing this, they become familiar with regularities, patterns and conventions of English  orthography needed to read and spell (Bear, Invernizzi, Templeton & Johnston, 2004). 
Does word study sound like something you are interested in learning more about? If so, Using Word Study to Teach Developmental Reading Skills (Part 2 of 4) is scheduled to post on Wednesday August 29, 2012.  I will be discussing three major components of word study. Check in to read all about it!


 These are two great resources to invest in:



Sources:

Bear, D., Invernizzi, M., Templeton, S., & Johnston, F. (2004). Words Their Way. (third ed.). Upper Sadle River: Pearson.